1 Corinthians 7:9
But if they cannot contain, let them marry: for it is better to marry than to burn.
Original Language Analysis
ἐγκρατεύονται
contain
G1467
ἐγκρατεύονται
contain
Strong's:
G1467
Word #:
4 of 11
to exercise self-restraint (in diet and chastity)
γάρ
for
G1063
γάρ
for
Strong's:
G1063
Word #:
7 of 11
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
Cross References
1 Timothy 5:14I will therefore that the younger women marry, bear children, guide the house, give none occasion to the adversary to speak reproachfully.1 Corinthians 7:2Nevertheless, to avoid fornication, let every man have his own wife, and let every woman have her own husband.1 Timothy 5:11But the younger widows refuse: for when they have begun to wax wanton against Christ, they will marry;1 Corinthians 7:28But and if thou marry, thou hast not sinned; and if a virgin marry, she hath not sinned. Nevertheless such shall have trouble in the flesh: but I spare you.
Historical Context
The Corinthian ascetics likely pressured believers to remain single or dissolve marriages for "spiritual" reasons. Paul's strong affirmation that marriage is "better" than burning with unfulfilled desire protected vulnerable believers from unrealistic expectations that would lead to sexual sin.
Questions for Reflection
- How does Paul's teaching protect believers from the false guilt of "burning" with sexual desire?
- What does it mean that marriage is "better" than burning—why isn't Paul calling for heroic self-denial?
- How can singles discern whether they have the gift of celibacy or should pursue marriage?
Analysis & Commentary
But if they cannot contain—the verb enkrateuontai (ἐγκρατεύονται, "exercise self-control") describes the ability to remain celibate without sinning. Paul's permission let them marry (gamēsatōsan, γαμησάτωσαν) is stated as imperative: marriage is the proper course for those burning with desire. For it is better to marry than to burn uses pyrousthai (πυροῦσθαι, "to burn").
The "burning" refers to burning with sexual passion, not burning in hell. Paul recognizes that unmet sexual desire creates intense struggle that can lead to sin. Marriage is not a concession to weakness but God's good design for sexual fulfillment. This verse directly counters ascetics who condemned marriage or required celibacy of all believers.
Paul's pragmatic counsel reflects his pastoral realism: attempting celibacy without the corresponding gift leads to porneia (fornication). Rather than setting an impossible standard, he provides a clear path: if you lack self-control in celibacy, marry. This honors both callings—singleness for those gifted, marriage for those who are not.